Historical and Archaeological Exploration
- According Dr. Alan Fernando, a paleontologist from the University of the Philippines, El Nido has probably the oldest rock formations and fossils in the Philippines. The oldest rock, called by the scientific community as “Bacuit” rock is 270 million years old.
- These rock formations are presently located in Dolarog and Bucana area. The second oldest, called “Minilog” by geologists, is 250 million years old.
- Permian fossils, which existed between 252 million to 299 million years ago, are present in some rock formations in El Nido. They can be found in Matinloc Is., Shimizu Is., Diribungan Cave and Ille Cave. These fossils are abundant in Ille Cave and Diribungan Cave.
Oldest Rock Formations and Fossils

- Humans already inhabited Dewil Valley in the terminal Pleistocene period. There are traces of human activities in 14,000 BP (Years Before Present).
- The inhabitants that time use stone tools that they collect from Sibaltan.
- Scientists also discovered metatarsal bones of Pantera Tigris, the species of modern-day Asian tiger.
Pre-History

- During the 5th century AD, a trading community began to flourish in Sibaltan. They practice agriculture, trade and has a form of government. Scientists identified Tang Dynasty and Ming Dynasty jars unearthed in the area. They excavated human remains and postholes. The trading community is believed to begin declining in the 15th century.
Trading Community
